1. It would depend if you can pick up the majority of trees in one part of the property. Then taking the lines into a manifold would make sense and then pumping the discharge into a main that runs by gravity to your shack. But if they are too scattered you might be better off running one main centrally and bringing in the 5/16 lines into that. In general a shurflo pump can only displace a small amount of air and works better when the length of mainline is shorter. So putting all your 5/16 into a manifold attached to the pump would create a super short piece for the pump to create vacuum in.
2. If you did a central pump manifold then the middle of the property may make sense. If you did a central main then you could put the pump at the shack.
3. For every inch of vac applies to your trees you will be getting around 5% more sap. On my setup with shurflo I average 15" vac on my manifold and that has generated significantly more sap this season. On my 120 taps and pump I would be getting over 200 gallons per day on good flows.
Camp Wokanda
Peoria Park District
2023 - 210 on 3/16 shurflo, sap storage shack w/ 1100 gallon tank - 123 gallons
2022 - 210 on 3/16 shurflo, homemade vac filter & water jacket canner - 104 gallons
2021 - 215 on 3/16 shurflo, added 2nd membrane to RO - 78 gallons
2020 - 210 on 3/16 shurflo, upgraded hp pump on RO - 66 gallons
2019 - 150 on 3/16 shurflo, Deer Run 125 dolly RO - 73 gallons
2018 - 120 on 3/16 shurflo, 2x6 raised flue w/hood, homemade arch w/ AUF & AOF - 34.5 gallons